Abstract: Waja-ul-Mafāsil is one of the commonest disorders described in Unani classical literature and is repeatedly linked with predominance of Balgham (phlegm) and Bārid-Ratab (cold-moist) temperament. Eminent physicians from Ibn Sīnā to Azam Khān have unanimously stated that excess of raw, viscous Balgham is the leading cause of joint pain, swelling and stiffness. Clinical experience in major Unani institutions of India consistently shows that 48-55% of patients presenting with chronic joint diseases belong to Balghamī temperament. This review compiles classical descriptions, institutional clinical data and published Unani research to establish Balghamī temperament as the most important constitutional factor in the causation and chronicity of Waja-ul-Mafāsil.
How to cite this article:
Salman Ahmad, Raheen Haseeb Bijapure, Syed Aqib Feroz, Huzaifa Ayyub, Maaz Ahmad. Prevalence of Waja-ul-Mafāsil (Arthritis) in individuals with Balghamī (Cold-Moist) temperament: A comprehensive review from Unani perspective. Int J Unani Integ Med 2025;9(3):240-242. DOI: 10.33545/2616454X.2025.v9.i3d.405
