Vol. 9, Issue - 3, Part B (2025)

Asha Murshida Muthalib and Mohamed Rafi Risna

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33545/2616454X.2025.v9.i3b.387

Abstract:
Safoof-e-Musakkin is a traditional Unani polyherbal formulation used to treat neurological disorders, particularly anxiety, headache, and delirium. The formulation consists of Beekh-e-Asrol (Roots of Rauvolfia serpentina), Kasneez Khushk (Seeds of Coriandrum sativum), and Filfil-e-Siyah (fruits of Piper nigrum). The primary objective of this study was to standardize Safoof-e-Musakkin using organoleptic, physicochemical, and phytochemical analyses. The ingredients were sourced, cleaned, and shade-dried before being powdered through a sieve (No. 80). The powders were mixed according to the National Formulary of Unani Medicine. Standardization was carried out through organoleptic evaluation, various physicochemical tests including total ash value, water-soluble ash, acid-insoluble ash, and loss of weight on drying at 105 °C. Phytochemical screening and Thin Layer Chromatography fingerprinting were also performed. The organoleptic evaluation of Safoof-e-Musakkin revealed a light brown color, characteristic odor, bitter taste, and moderately fine texture. Physicochemical analysis showed a total ash value of 12.5 ± 0.3%, water-soluble ash of 3.6±0.4%, acid-insoluble ash less than 0.2% and loss of weight on drying at 105 °C was 7.1±0.6%. Phytochemical screening identified the presence of tannins, phenols, flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins, carbohydrates, and reducing sugars. Thin Layer Chromatography fingerprinting analysis was performed on Safoof-e-Musakkin under 254 nm and 366 nm UV light. Vanillin-sulphate reagent was used for visualization, and the plate was heated at 110 °C for 5 minutes. Safoof-e-Musakkin was successfully standardized through comprehensive organoleptic, physicochemical, phytochemical analysis and Thin Layer Chromatography fingerprinting. The data obtained serves as a reference standard for future quality control and standardization of this formulation.